paraxanthine elevates catalase glutathione LPT Glutathione system enhancement for cardiac

doi: 10.1073/pnas.1221292110 [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 213

Introduction Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are physiologically produced by aerobic cells [1] and their production increases under conditions of cell injury [2]

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 8%12% of reproductive-age couples experience fertility issues, with recent data indicating that infertility affects nearly 17.5% of adults globallyan alarming and escalating global health challenge (1, 2)

Exogenously acquired serine also helps regulate the body's amino acid balance, influencing protein synthesis and metabolism